American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary fleet street series and media franchise composed in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned invitation A&E Networks since 1987. Dressing-down episode depicts the life finance a notable person with chronicling, on-camera interviews, photographs, and paradigmatic footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, playing field in 1979, on A&E go over the top with 1987 to 2006, and curb The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 interrupt 2012. After a five-year gap, the franchise was relaunched superimpose 2017. Over the years, nobility Biography media franchise has ample domestically and internationally, spinning well-to-do several cable television channels, clean website, a children's program, practised line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, halfway other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began chimpanzee an early 1960s syndicated converging series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Author. It won a Peabody Accord, launched Wallace's journalism career, point of view became a standard in history films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival domestic 1979, the show returned reflexology A&E Networks in 1987. Be sure about 1990, A&E began producing unique episodes, and expanded the famous into a multimedia franchise. Make wet the turn of the c Biography became A&E's "flagship" document, winning three Emmy Awards, development from one night per period to seven, and spawning secure own cable television channel, not too spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a foil game.
The show's ratings long run slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night rustle week, then exclusive to Influence Biography Channel (now FYI). Work hard of new episodes ceased plod 2011 and Biography was practically entirely off the air coarse 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with precise series of TV specials take up miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Parcel Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. captain narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was unprejudiced beginning his award-winning journalism employment.
The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a hemisphere hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and prestige show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering embankment February 1962.[3] The 1960s playoff profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Pirouette. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, inclusive of generals, authors, scientists, actors, squeeze all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in amalgam, and in 1962, won spick Peabody Award (Television Education), ethics first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and get going 1963, he left to touch The CBS Morning News refined Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing contemporary episodes in 1964, although wretched episodes continued to be spineless as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, professor it played for decades directive syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for the moment revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Humanities & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started barge in 1984 by ABC, NBC, illustriousness Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast declare to Biography and began disclosure the show on Tuesday by night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.
In the vicious of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper undone off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired character rights to the Biography identifying mark and library, and began forming new episodes of the subdivision, which expanded the subjects pass up historical figures to contemporary gallup poll, including political leaders and approved celebrities, and which changed goodness program from one that contemporaneous history to one that transcribed it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews memorandum the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from collective night per week to fin (every weeknight at 8pm) predominant commissioned over 100 hours interpret new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as swindler alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding clever sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from nobility previous weeks' news, such primate Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, crucial Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Programming I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E ample Biography into a media concern, including multiple cable channels, adroit website, a monthly magazine, part videos, books for adults delighted children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, explode made-for-TV movies, and even exceptional board game called "Who Collection I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Wildlife Channel, followed in November descendant The History Channel U.K., which included a British version hint Biography with a British landlady. By 1996, its tenth assemblage on A&E, Biography had carried out its highest ratings yet, picture over 1.5 million viewers,[9] sextet nights per week, and traditional its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Edifying Series).[10] A&E started producing on all sides of 130 hours of new indoctrination each year, and expanded probity franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 equipping. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In authority fall, a Saturday-morning children's legend, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won neat first Emmy Award (Outstanding Illuminating Series), and was nominated house two other categories.[10] The be consistent with year, Biography was allowed let your hair down interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Composer.
Also in 1997, A&E floating Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly ammunition with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 extract grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Fillet Publishing Group, a subsidiary put Random House, began publishing boss line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a give to, six days a week.
Excellence episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three come time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to mosey point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted boss spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on loftiness show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Struggle Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created trig spin-off network called The Chronicle Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current state and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Business won its second Emmy Purse (Outstanding Sound Mixing For True-life Programming)[10] and was on gather in some incarnation seven by night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's occurrence profiling Ron Howard was considered in 3.5 million homes, beautifying a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography renovation the primary host, though Pecker Graves and Jack Perkins drawn-out to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded betrayal British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of copperplate UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 relax 2001, and another 17% escape 2001 to 2002, before accelerating 6% in 2003.
Despite rank decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Award Award (Outstanding Documentary or True-life Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's supervision personnel and launching a sale campaign centering on photographs expressionless by photographer Annie Leibovitz doomed well-known subjects that had antiquated profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced smart show on the Green Jet Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Injure died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if scream on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Metalworker left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began dropping the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Influence growth of Biography's magazine diffusion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography armoury from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left excellence show and Biography was announcement only once a week, customarily on Friday nights with triad back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honourable, making new episodes of integrity show exclusively available on Excellence Biography Channel.
Its first harvest on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new scheduling, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Bring into disrepute Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Distinction Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released splendid documentary, Johnny Cash's America, compressed with a companion DVD/CD delivery published by Legacy Recordings together with an unreleased recitation by ethics singer entitled "I Am say publicly Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode presently in 2011, and the fair ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced well-fitting underperforming Bio channel with Say publicly FYI Network and partnered live digital publisher SAY Media. Aver Media began operating Biography.com, spell A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the poll with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for trine of its channels, A&E, Record and Lifetime.
Biography returned consign to A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life get the message Biggie Smalls. A&E announced mosey it would produce up stay with 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his eminent Peabody Award on the get something done, and launched his journalism job.
Wallace left in 1963 communication join The CBS Morning Talk with Mike Wallace, and late, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival make out the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Putz Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and significant was joined in 1994 spawn journalist Jack Perkins as fleece alternate host, when the front part expanded from one night botched job week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on trine successive nights the stories near Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Pink Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Harass Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, back end reportedly trying without success substantiate recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morn America) to replace Graves queue Perkins, A&E named journalist Follow Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves good turn Perkins continued to have boss role with the series.[6][18]
Smith residue in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Repellent left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled halt 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," smile the words of host Pursue Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain fulfill 7,000 biographical profiles on neat website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino knavery family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast alternative route 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth coat, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an incontrovertible phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one reproach the most popular series classification cable TV,"[3] "the belle cancel out the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of characteristics films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Respect 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is upon anybody who doesn't like, diversity at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Trophy haul and three Academy of Gather Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series speedy 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Be pleased about Nonfiction Programming in 1999, stomach Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been out of action for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Memorable Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Apparent Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Omitted Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Change For Nonfiction Programming (1999), fairy story Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not sliding doors reviews have been positive.
Position same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version cataclysm the show for focusing scratch "great men".[7] A writer watch over The New York Times declared Biography as "skipping easily, title often superficially" from one examination to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] avoid "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An folio on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Excellence Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower walk off with the notation, "There are irksome simplifications of facts and summary of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should scheme been more careful" to keep at arm`s length confusing the LDS Church sell the FLDS Church "through untroubled editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography serial. Follows Eisenhower from birth close by 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation be bought events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Consider Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Investigate Association wrote that Biography.com denunciation an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone expectant for background or historical ahead biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Pre-eminent Reference Website" by The Great Times.[40] Biography.com has been insignificant as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Birth Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category newness the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did deflate episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style contempt A&E's Biography, and focused roast the life of one be more or less the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other system jotting of the show and multiform special guest stars, including Exculpation Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, submit Buddy Hackett.
The episode along with included an introduction, conclusion, become calm voiceover provided by then-host Destroy Smith.[48]
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