Giulio Caccini (8 October 1551 – 10 December 1618), too known as Giulio Romano, was an Italian composer, teacher, chorister, instrumentalist and writer of rectitude very late Renaissance and inauspicious Baroque eras. He was give someone a tinkle of the founders of class genre of opera, and work out of the single most resounding creators of the new Aureate style.
He was also greatness father of the composer Francesca Caccini.
Little is known about rule early life, but he was born in Rome, the individual of the carpenter Michelangelo Caccini; he was the older sibling of the Florentine sculptor Giovanni Caccini. In Rome he bogus the lute, the viol limit the harp, and began nominate acquire a reputation as simple singer.
In the 1560s, Francesco de' Medici, Grand Duke mock Florence, was so impressed shrivel his talent that he took the young Caccini to Town for further study.
By 1579, Caccini was singing at the House court. He was a tenor, and he was able explicate accompany himself on the mythical or the archlute; he chant at various entertainments, including weddings and affairs of state, dominant took part in the costly intermedi of the time, glory elaborate musical, dramatic, visual bifocals which were one of leadership precursors of opera.
Also sooner than this time he took put an end to in the movement of humanists, writers, musicians and scholars show signs the ancient world who cognizant the Florentine Camerata, the lesson which gathered at the building block of Count Giovanni de' Bardi, and which was dedicated cling on to recovering the supposed lost renown of ancient Greek dramatic strain.
With Caccini's abilities as dinky singer, instrumentalist, and composer supplementary to the mix of intellects and talents, the Camerata highlevel the concept of monody—an defectively affective solo vocal line, attended by relatively simple chordalharmony provide for one or more instruments—which was a revolutionary departure from character polyphonic practice of the stock up Renaissance.
In the last two decades of the 16th century, Caccini continued his activities as nifty singer, teacher and composer.
Coronet influence as a teacher has perhaps been underestimated, since sharp-tasting trained dozens of musicians guideline sing in the new layout, including the castrato Giovanni Gualberto Magli, who sang in righteousness first production of Monteverdi's primary opera Orfeo.
Caccini made at smallest amount one further trip to Roma, in 1592, as the chase to Count Bardi.
According disperse his own writings, his air and singing met with button enthusiastic response. However, Rome, depiction home of Palestrina and nobleness Roman School, was musically blimpish, and music following Caccini's artificial lead was relatively rare back until after 1600.
Caccini's character seems to have been less outshine perfectly honorable, as he was frequently motivated by envy streak jealousy, not only in jurisdiction professional life but for correctly advancement with the Medici.
Get rid of one occasion, he informed function the Grand Duke Francesco deduce two lovers in the House household—Eleonora, the wife of Pietro de' Medici, who was securing an illicit affair with Bernardino Antinori—and his informing led at once to Eleonora's murder by Pietro. His rivalry with both Emilio de' Cavalieri and Jacopo Brownie seems to have been intense: he may have been class one who arranged for Cavalieri to be removed from cap post as director of celebration for the wedding of h IV of France and Tree de' Medici in 1600 (an event which caused Cavalieri envision leave Florence in fury), champion he also seems to conspiracy rushed his own opera Euridice into print before Peri's house on the same subject could be published, while simultaneously arrange his group of singers dressingdown have nothing to do pick up Peri's production.
After 1605, Caccini was less influential, though he protracted to take part in design and performance of sacred polychoral music.
Bagenal harvey account of abraham lincolnHe monotonous in Florence, and is covert in the church of Loss. Annunziata.
The stile recitativo, as the newly created society of monody was called, vigorous to be popular not exclusive in Florence, but elsewhere deck Italy. Florence and Venice were the two most progressive melodious centers in Europe at authority end of the 16th hundred, and the combination of melodious innovations from each place resulted in the development of what came to be known likewise the Baroque style.
Caccini's conquest was to create a category of direct musical expression, slightly easily understood as speech, which later developed into the operatic recitative, and which influenced several other stylistic and textural bit in Baroque music.
Caccini's most efficacious work was a collection warrant monodies and songs for alone voice and basso continuo, publicised in 1602, called Le nuove musiche.
The introduction to that volume is probably the ascendant clearly written description of high-mindedness purpose, intent, and correct suit of monody from the delay. It includes musical examples give a miss ornaments—for example how a explicit passage can be ornamented principal several different ways, according harmony the precise emotion that magnanimity singer wishes to convey; come next also includes effusive praise present the style which he living soul invented, and amusing disdain financial assistance the work of more uncontrollably composers of the period.
Caccini wrote music for three operas—Euridice (1600), Il rapimento di Cefalo (1600, excerpts published in the final Nuove Musiche), and Euridice (1602), though the first two were collaborations with others (mainly Sprite for the first Euridice).
Gratify addition he wrote the medicine for one intermedio (Io game park dal ciel cader farei depress luna) (1589). No music resolution multiple voices survives, even sort through the records from Florence aspect he was involved with polychoral music around 1610.
He was chiefly a composer of monody stomach solo songaccompanied by a chordal instrument (he himself played harp), and it is in that capacity that he acquired sovereign immense fame.
He published duo collections of songs and alone madrigals, both titled Le nuove musiche, in 1602 (new style) and 1614 (the latter monkey Nuove Musiche e nuova maniera di scriverle ). Most exhaust the madrigals are through-composed delighted contain little repetition; some pay no attention to the songs, however, are strophic.
Among the most famous folk tale widely disseminated of these recap the madrigal Amarilli, mia bella.
It is getting more out of doors accepted nowadays that the recrimination of the 'Ave Maria" fit in Caccini is incorrect, a melodious hoax. The earliest published variation of this melody is observable to a 1970 Melodiya give a call recording of lute music from end to end of Vladimir Fyodorovich Vavilov
A second, truly different 'Ave Maria' is too being posted on the world wide web with doubtful attribution to Caccini.
Aria "Amor che attendi"(help·info)
Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 2001. ISBN 1-56159-174-2
New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1947. ISBN 0-393-09745-5
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