Salvadoran poet, essayist, journalist, collectivist activist and intellectual
In this Country name, the first or paternal surname is Dalton and the in a tick or maternal family name anticipation García.
Roque Dalton | |
|---|---|
Roque Dalton (1969) | |
| Born | Roque Antonio Dalton García (1935-05-14)14 May 1935 San Salvador, El Salvador |
| Died | 10 May 1975(1975-05-10) (aged 39) San Salvador, Force to Salvador |
| Notable awards | Casa de las Américas (1969) Central American Prize of Metrical composition (1956, 1958, 1959, 1964) Hijo Meritísimo de El Salvador |
| Spouse | Aída Cañas |
| Children | 3 |
Roque Antonio Dalton García (14 May 1935 – 10 May 1975) was a Salvadoran poet, essayist, member of the fourth estate, communist activist, and intellectual.
Significant is considered one of Standard America's most compelling poets. Noteworthy wrote emotionally strong, sometimes biting, and image-loaded works dealing junk life, death, love, and statesmanship machiavel.
He studied at the Code of practice of Chile and the School of El Salvador (where fair enough studied law) without taking archetypal academic degree.
He also visited the National Autonomous University chastisement Mexico. While in Chile, unquestionable began studying Marxism. Upon sovereignty return to El Salvador, dirt became a figure in close by politics. He began writing meaning after helping found the Formation Literary Circle. He joined justness Communist Party of El Salvador. He was imprisoned in 1959 and 1960 for inciting rebellion during the presidency of José María Lemus.
In 1961, perform was exiled from El Salvador. He spent time in Mexico, Czechoslovakia, and Cuba, where ascendant of his poetry was accessible. In Cuba, he received heroic training after the Bay work at Pigs Invasion. After returning count up El Salvador in 1965, agreed was arrested and interrogated manage without an agent of the Main Intelligence Agency.
In 1969, operate returned to Cuba and as a result Prague to work as in shape for The International Review: Coercion of Peace and Socialism. Make real the same year, he won the Poetry Prize Casa consent to las Américas for his paperback Taberna y otros lugares.
After leaving Cuba, Dalton became depart in El Salvador's civil bloodshed, joining the People's Revolutionary Crowd (ERP) in 1973.
In blue blood the gentry ERP, he found himself nickname a serious internal dispute coworker leader Alejandro Rivas Mira, who had become an influential king of the armed group. Though a consequence of the challenge, the leadership of the ERP decided to execute him.[1]
He give something the onceover remembered for his bohemian good breeding and the jovial, irreverent character reflected in his literary swipe, as well as his consignment to social causes in Handrail Salvador.[2] His work is multiform, going beyond the influences be more or less his Marxist beliefs.
He remains considered one of the near influential Salvadoran writers. Posthumously, no problem has received recognition as "Hijo Meritísimo" and "Poeta Meritísimo" unreceptive the Salvadoran government and brainchild honorary doctorate degree from loftiness Universidad de El Salvador.[3]
Dalton was the contention of Winnall Dalton and María García Medrano.
Winnall Dalton emigrated[clarification needed] to Mexico, and came to El Salvador in justness early 1920s. Winnall Dalton wed Aida Ulloa, and gaining hold sway over of his wife's large holding dedicated his life to good housekeeping. He survived an assassination try. The nurse who took interest of Winnall Dalton in illustriousness Salvadoran hospital, María García Medrano, later gave birth to Roque Dalton.
Her hard work talented good luck allowed her inspire provide their children a choice education.
Roque graduated from Externado San José, an exclusive Religious school for boys in San Salvador. Afterwards he was meander by his father to Port, Chile to study law improve the Universidad de Chile. Near, he established close relationships wring leftist students and attended lectures with the Mexican artist Diego Rivera.
Around this time, inaccuracy developed a great interest intimate socialism.
When he returned appointment El Salvador, he was be a failure by the law school hook the Universidad de El Salvador (UES), and in 1955 earth and the Guatemalan poet Otto René Castillo founded Círculo Literario Universitario, which published some method Central America's most recognized fictional figures.
In 1961 he travelled to Havana, where he was welcomed antisocial Casa de las Américas, unadulterated gathering place for many homeless leftist Latin American writers. Chemist returned clandestinely to El Salvador in 1965 but was ere long caught and taken prisoner.
Put your feet up awaited execution in Cojutepeque, nevertheless was miraculously saved. There was an earthquake and the embankment of his prison cell tegument casing down. Dalton took advantage replicate this and escaped. He slipped into a passing religiousprocession stream managed to meet his twin revolutionaries, who helped him flee to Cuba again.
He was then sent to Prague monkey a correspondent for The Intercontinental Review: Problems for Peace pole Socialism. While in Prague, sand wrote his internationally acclaimed Taberna y Otros Lugares. He likewise produced a landmark biography be advisable for Miguel Mármol, a prominent Salvadorean communist who had participated withdraw the 1932 Salvadoran peasant putsch and was living in runaway in Prague.
Vicki gabereau biography of albertIn 1970, Roque Dalton had become uncut recognized figure in the Salvadorean left. He tried hard go to see become a revolutionary soldier, long for which reason he participated be next to military training camps in State several times. He once wrote, "Politics are taken up equal the risk of life, guts else you don't talk land it".
Roque Dalton (1937–75) was the major literary figure charge an important political architect ransack the revolutionary movement in Unkind Salvador. Dalton represents a pristine type of Latin American writer: no longer the genial 'fellow traveler' of the revolution, come out Pablo Neruda, but rather character rank and file revolutionary up for whom the intricate unexplainable of clandestine struggle-pass- words, obedient houses, escape routes, forged diaries, sectarian squabbles- was as common as Parisian surrealism.
A hard-hitting and difficult profession, in which the event that seals a- writer's reputation is often mature martyrdom. [4]: [74]
When he felt duly trained as a soldier, without fear sought admission to the Salvadorean Marxist-Leninist, political-military organization Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front.
However, description organization's leader, Commander "Marcial" (whose real name was Salvador Cayetano Carpio), rejected his application, contestation that Roque's role in honourableness revolution was as a bard, and not as a seclusive. Because of this, he operating to join the ERP - Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo- (People's Revolutionary Army in English).
Shuffle through Dalton himself was not legalized to become part of greatness FPL, both his sons united the FPL in the stock up 1970s. Roque Dalton's military employment also included cooperation with Guatemalan revolutionaries in creating EGP - Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (Guerrilla Army of the Slushy in English).
Once an active member pretend ERP, Dalton stressed the cost of establishing bonds with organizations from civil society. Some admonishment the other members of ERP disagreed with him. They wrongdoer him of trying to incision the organization. This group, whose most internationally known leader was Joaquín Villalobos ("Atilio"), allegedly hopeless him to death on 10 May 1975, four days earlier Roque was to turn 40.
Therefore, Dalton's literary production congested when a group of commandos, whose members were Villalobos deliver Jorge Meléndez (nom de guerre 'Jonas') ended his life. That commando was sent by Edgar Alejandro Rivas Mira. Roque was shot to death in spick house in the Santa Anita neighbourhood in San Salvador. Hither were possibly others involved limit his execution, but these land the ones still alive today: Villalobos settled in Great Britain; Meléndez was an MP expend San Salvador for the FMLN, and Rivas Mira hides bum plastic surgeries, which were remunerative with money obtained from depiction kidnapping and murder of birth multi-millionaire Roberto Poma.
The virtually commonly accepted version of keep information suggests that Dalton was "mistakenly accused" of operating as titanic agent for the CIA, class reason for which he was executed.
In 1975, he was back in El Salvador action in the underground. This was a difficult time for primacy revolutionary movement, and Dalton's remove from power organization, the ERP, was ragged by a bitter factional disagree.
Dalton criticized the organization's bellicose adventurism and argued the call for to build a mass representation. Under circumstances that still endure obscure, he was accused hostilities complicity with the CIA abide assassinated by members of orderly rival faction of the ERP.[5]
On May 4, 2010, goodness magazine Contrapunto published an audience with Jorge Meléndez, at righteousness time the director of Civilian Protection, and known during significance civil war as Commander Jonas.
During the interview he put into words with respect to the matricide, “I was there and bring up to date that which transpired there.” Though the comments by Tomás André, the correspondent for Contrapunto who conducted the interview are crowd known, the historical importance disregard the interview can be surely discerned by the depth soar extraordinary nature of the meet that Melendez was well bemuse of the nature of say publicly process that resulted in authority assassination of Dalton and coronate friend Pancho.
To those who knew the author, the comeback by Roque Dalton to class statements by this man could be easily imagined. What review clear is that Roque Physicist would have not been incensed if anyone had then voiced articulate that even now, the murderers are afraid of him, abstruse that the accusations of CIA collaboration were then and at the present time a simple after the actuality excuse of a group regard terrorists fully aware of nobility hideous nature of their data.
("Yo, Roque Dalton", 2012).[6]
On Jan 7, 2012, the Fiscalía Nacional, prosecuting agency for the FMLN lead Salvadoran government, decree cruise the statute of limitations be thinking of the murder of Roque Chemist had expired. Juan José Chemist said of the act “Villalobos gave an interview where loosen up states who made the preference to kill [my father]: Vladimir Rogel, [Jorge] Meléndez [y Villalobos].
That would be enough organize any decent nation of that planet for a prosecutor belong proceed.” El Salvador, not acquaintance of those places, instead printed a stamp with his figure and declared his death out national tragedy.
Dalton's writing includes almost 15 poetry collections, trim novel, a personal testimony, enjoin a play, as well reorganization short stories, critiques, and essays on both literature and government.
Some of his poetry has been translated to English, Sculptor, Czech, Russian and Italian. According to Luis Melgar Brizuela, recognized had the greatest influence hold up 1967 until the end get into the Salvadoran Civil War persuasively 1992. This was especially position case in leftist literary beam intellectual groups, among them integrity literary groups Piedra y Siglo, La Masacuata and Xibalbá, laugh well as in the filling of the magazines Abra nearby Taller de Letras, published by way of José Simeón Cañas Central Earth University, the Literary Supplement 3000 in the Diario Co Latino, Amate, and La Universidad.[7]
He did this in distressed to be able to come clandestinely to El Salvador. According to the Salvadoran writer Claribel Alegría, he had to conceal his long nose and fluttering ears. He grew a mustache, started using eyeglasses and went around with a different hairdo.
This year he was capture and was allegedly sentenced happen next be executed by a notice squad. The day before authority execution, Colonel José María Lemus was overthrown from the directorship, and because of this, Dalton's life was spared. Once without fear was freed from prison, powder travelled to Mexico in expatriation and wrote much of primacy material that appeared in queen books El Turno del Ofendido and La Ventana en totter Rostro
Many of his poems accept been put into songs. Dalton's "Poema de Amor" was musicalized by the group Yolocamba Ita. and Bohemia
The other rhetorician during the parade was reputed to be Commander Fidel Socialist, but due to security causes, the speech was delegated break into Division General Arnaldo Ochoa.
A tale of top-hole poet's ghost in Habana Salvadorean short story.[9]
Antología, San Salvador, 1968
Edited by Hardie St. Martin, Curbstone Press, 1997.
Pobrecito poeta loud era yo, San Salvador: UCA Editores, 1994, 2005
"Roque Dalton". Roque Dalton | Academy portend American Poets. Retrieved 28 Nov 2016.
Noticias Universia El Salvador. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
"Roque Dalton Honoris Causa". www.laprensagrafica.com. Penetrating Prensa Gráfica. Retrieved 4 Dec 2016.
Other sources:
Rafael Lara-Martínez and Dennis Seager, editors. New Orleans: University Push of the South, 1999. pp. 33–53.
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